| climb up; pull | to help; to assist; to aid | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (攀援) |
攀 | 援 | |
| alternative forms | 攀緣／攀缘 | ||
| [Show/Hide] |
|---|
edit 攀援攀緣／攀缘 |
edit 攀援攀緣／攀缘 |
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 攀 | 援 | 援 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 云 (35) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 刪 (69) | 元 (66) | 仙 (80) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | II | III | III |
| Fanqie | 普班切 | 雨元切 | 王眷切 |
| Baxter | phaen | hjwon | hjwenH |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pʰˠan/ | /ɦʉɐn/ | /ɦˠiuᴇnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/pʰᵚan/ | /ɦʷiɐn/ | /ɦʷᵚiɛnH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/pʰɐn/ | /ɣiuɐn/ | /ɣiuænH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/pʰaɨn/ | /ɦuan/ | /ɦwianH/ |
| Li Rong |
/pʰan/ | /ɣiuɐn/ | /ɣjuɛnH/ |
| Wang Li |
/pʰan/ | /ɣĭwɐn/ | /ɣĭwɛnH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/pʰan/ | /i̯wɐn/ | /i̯wɛnH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
pān | yuán | yuàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
paan1 | jyun4 | jyun6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 攀 | 援 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
pān | yuán |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ phæn › | ‹ hjwon › |
| Old Chinese |
/*pʰˁran/ | /*[ɢ]ʷa[n]/ |
| English | pull oneself up | pull up |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 攀 | 援 | 援 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2937 | 16167 | 16175 |
| Phonetic component |
棥 | 爰 | 爰 |
| Rime group |
元 | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
攀 | 瑗 | 袁 |
| Old Chinese |
/*pʰraːn/ | /*ɢʷans/ | /*ɢʷan/ |