建議

See also: 建议

Chinese
 
to establish; to found; to set up
to establish; to found; to set up; to build; to construct
 criticize; discuss
trad. (建議) 建 議
simp. (建议) 建 议

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 建 議
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 元 (65) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 居万切 宜寄切
Baxter kjonH ngjeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨɐnH/ /ŋˠiᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kiɐnH/ /ŋᵚiɛH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiɐnH/ /ŋiɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kɨanH/ /ŋjiə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /kiɐnH/ /ŋjeH/
Wang
Li		 /kĭɐnH/ /ŋǐeH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɨ̯ɐnH/ /ŋie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiàn yì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gin3 ji6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 建 議
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiàn yì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjonH › ‹ ngjeH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]a[n]-s/ /*ŋ(r)aj-s/
English set up, establish discuss

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 建 議
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 6220 13056
Phonetic
component		 建 我
Rime
group		 元 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 建 議
Old
Chinese		 /*kans/ /*ŋrals/

Verb

建議

  1. to suggest; to recommend; to propose; to advise
    建議零售價／建议零售价  ―  jiànyì língshòujià  ―  recommended retail price
    建議速度／建议速度  ―  jiànyì sùdù  ―  suggested speed
    有人建議他要分散投資方向。 [MSC, trad.]
    有人建议他要分散投资方向。 [MSC, simp.]
    Yǒurén jiànyì tā yào fēnsàn tóuzī fāngxiàng. [Pinyin]
    He was advised to diversify his investments.

Usage notes

Use 推薦／推荐 (tuījiàn) when recommending a specific thing or person, and 建議／建议 (jiànyì) when suggesting a course of action.

Synonyms

Noun

建議

  1. suggestion; recommendation; proposal; advice (Classifier: 條／条; 項／项)
    請及時就醫，聽取醫生建議。 [MSC, trad.]
    请及时就医，听取医生建议。 [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐng jíshí jiùyī, tīngqǔ yīshēng jiànyì. [Pinyin]
    Please seek medical attention promptly and follow the doctor's advice.
    我覺得秀英這個建議特別地好。 [MSC, trad.]
    我觉得秀英这个建议特别地好。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ juéde Xiù yīng zhège jiànyì tèbié de hǎo. [Pinyin]
    I think Xiuying's suggestion is particularly good.
    這個建議會耗去大量的人力和財力。 [MSC, trad.]
    这个建议会耗去大量的人力和财力。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè ge jiànyì huì hào qù dàliàng de rénlì hé cáilì. [Pinyin]
    This proposal will consume a lot of manpower and financial resources.

Synonyms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (建議):

Japanese
Kanji in this term
建 議
けん
Grade: 4		 ぎ
Grade: 4
kan’on

Pronunciation

Noun

建(けん)議(ぎ) • (kengi) 

  1. proposition, proposal

Verb

建(けん)議(ぎ)する • (kengi suru) suru (stem 建(けん)議(ぎ)し (kengi shi), past 建(けん)議(ぎ)した (kengi shita))

  1. to propose, to offer

Conjugation
Conjugation of "建議する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 建議し けんぎし kengi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 建議し けんぎし kengi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 建議する けんぎする kengi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 建議する けんぎする kengi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 建議すれ けんぎすれ kengi sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 建議せよ¹
建議しろ²		 けんぎせよ¹
けんぎしろ²		 kengi seyo¹
kengi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 建議される けんぎされる kengi sareru
Causative 建議させる
建議さす		 けんぎさせる
けんぎさす		 kengi saseru
kengi sasu
Potential 建議できる けんぎできる kengi dekiru
Volitional 建議しよう けんぎしよう kengi shiyō
Negative 建議しない けんぎしない kengi shinai
Negative continuative 建議せず けんぎせず kengi sezu
Formal 建議します けんぎします kengi shimasu
Perfective 建議した けんぎした kengi shita
Conjunctive 建議して けんぎして kengi shite
Hypothetical conditional 建議すれば けんぎすれば kengi sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
建議

Noun

建議 • (geonui) (hangeul 건의)

  1. Hanja form? of 건의 (“proposition, proposal”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
建議

Noun

建議

  1. chữ Hán form of kiến nghị (“petition”).

Verb

建議

  1. chữ Hán form of kiến nghị (“to provide suggestions to the authority; to petition”).
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