平城

Chinese
 
flat; level; equal
flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful
 city walls; city; town
simp. and trad.
(平城)		 平 城

Pronunciation

Proper noun

平城

  1. (～市) Pyongsong (a city in North Korea)
  2. (～縣) (historical) Pingcheng County (a county during the Han and Northern Wei dynasties, located around modern-day Datong, Shanxi, China)

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (平城):
  • → Japanese: 平城(へいじょう) (Heijō)

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
平 城
ひら
Grade: 3		 しろ > じろ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From 平 (hira, “something flat or flattened”) +‎ 城 (shiro, “castle, fortress”).

The shiro changes to jiro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ひらじろ [hìrájíró] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [çiɾa̠ʑiɾo̞]

Noun

平(ひら)城(じろ) • (hirajiro) 

  1. a castle built on level ground or flatland
See also

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
平 城
ひら
Grade: 3		 じょう
Grade: 4
yutōyomi

From 平 (hira, “something flat or flattened”) +‎ 城 (jō, “castle, fortress”, on-reading of shiro).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ひらじょー [hìrájóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [çiɾa̠ʑo̞ː]

Noun

平(ひら)城(じょう) • (hirajō) ←ひらじやう (firazyau)?

  1. a castle built on level ground or flatland
See also

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
平 城
へい
Grade: 3		 じょう
Grade: 4
kan’on goon

/pei d͡ʑʲau/ → /ɸeid͡ʑɔː/ → /heːd͡ʑoː/

From Middle Chinese 平城 (MC bjaeng dzyeng).

The short form senses are from the on-reading of the alternative spelling of 奈良 (Nara) below.

Proper noun

平(へい)城(じょう) • (Heijō) ←へいじやう (feizyau)?

  1. (historical) Pingcheng County during the Han and Northern Wei dynasties of ancient China, now part of Datong, Shanxi Province
  2. Short for 平城京 (Heijō-kyō): the capital of ancient Japan during most of the Nara period
  3. Short for 平城宮 (Heijō-kyū): the imperial palace on the north end of Heijō-kyō
See also

Noun

平(へい)城(じょう) • (heijō) ←へいじやう (feizyau)?

  1. (rare) a castle built on level ground or flatland

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
平 城
なら
Grade: 3 Grade: 4
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 平城 – see the following entry.
【奈良なら】
[proper noun] a placename, especially:
[proper noun] Short for 奈良県 (Nara-ken): Nara (a prefecture of Japan)
[proper noun] Short for 奈良市 (Nara-shi): Nara (the capital city of Nara Prefecture)
[proper noun] a surname
Alternative spelling
寧楽
(This term, 平城, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Derived terms
  • 平城(なら)坂(ざか) (Narazaka)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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