山河

Chinese
mountain; hill river
simp. and trad.
(山河)		 山 河
anagram 河山

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 山 河
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 山 (73) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II I
Fanqie 所閒切 胡歌切
Baxter srean ha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠɛn/ /ɦɑ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚæn/ /ɦɑ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃæn/ /ɣɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂəɨn/ /ɦa/
Li
Rong		 /ʃɛn/ /ɣɑ/
Wang
Li		 /ʃæn/ /ɣɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂăn/ /ɣɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shān hé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 saan1 ho4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 山 河
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shān hé
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ srɛn › ‹ ha ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-ŋrar/ /*[C.ɡ]ˁaj/
English mountain, hill river

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 山 河
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11052 7459
Phonetic
component		 山 可
Rime
group		 元 歌
Rime
subdivision		 2 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 山 何
Old
Chinese		 /*sreːn/ /*ɡaːl/

Noun

山河

  1. (literally) mountains and rivers
  2. (figuratively) land of a country; territory

Derived terms
  • 咫尺山河
  • 山河易改，本性難移／山河易改，本性难移
  • 山河襟帶／山河襟带
  • 帶厲山河／带厉山河
  • 帶礪山河／带砺山河
  • 氣吞山河／气吞山河
  • 氣壓山河／气压山河
  • 氣壯山河／气壮山河
  • 氣蓋山河／气盖山河
  • 百二山河
  • 礪帶山河／砺带山河
  • 表裡山河／表里山河
  • 邈若山河
  • 錦繡山河／锦绣山河 (jǐnxiùshānhé)

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (山河):
  • → Japanese: 山(さん)河(が) (sanga)
  • → Korean: 산하(山河) (sanha)
  • → Vietnamese: sơn hà (山河)

See also

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
山 河
さん
Grade: 1		 が
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Borrowed from Literary Chinese 山河 (shānhé).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

山(さん)河(が) • (sanga) ←さんが (sanga)?

  1. (literary) mountains and rivers
Synonyms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
山 河
さん
Grade: 1		 か
Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [sã̠ŋka̠]

Noun

山(さん)河(か) • (sanka) ←さんか (sanka)?

  1. Alternative form of 山河 (sanga)

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
山 河
やま
Grade: 1		 かわ
Grade: 5
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 山河 – see the following entry: やまかわ

(The following entry is uncreated: やまかわ.)

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
山河

Noun

山河

  1. chữ Hán form of sơn hà (“country”).
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.