寒い

Japanese

Kanji in this term
寒
さむ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) さむ​い [sàmúꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [sa̠mɯ̟ᵝi]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "寒い"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 寒く さ​むく
さむ​く
[sáꜜmùkù]
[sàmúꜜkù]
Terminal (終止形) 寒い さむ​い [sàmúꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 寒い さむ​い [sàmúꜜì]
Key constructions
Informal negative 寒くない さ​むくない
さむ​くない
[sáꜜmùkùnàì]
[sàmúꜜkùnàì]
Informal past 寒かった さ​むかった
さむ​かった
[sáꜜmùkàttà]
[sàmúꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 寒くなかった さ​むくなかった
さむ​くなかった
[sáꜜmùkùnàkàttà]
[sàmúꜜkùnàkàttà]
Formal 寒いです さむ​いです [sàmúꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 寒くて さ​むくて
さむ​くて
[sáꜜmùkùtè]
[sàmúꜜkùtè]
Conditional 寒ければ さ​むければ
さむ​ければ
[sáꜜmùkèrèbà]
[sàmúꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

寒(さむ)い • (samui) -i (adverbial 寒(さむ)く (samuku))

  1. cold (ambient temperature, as a winter day is cold)
    今日(きょう)は寒(さむ)い。
    Kyō wa samui.
    It is cold today.
  2. (figuratively) fearful
    背筋(せすじ)が寒(さむ)くなる
    sesuji ga samuku naru
    a chill runs down one's spine
  3. (of a joke) terrible; not funny

Inflection

Antonyms

Coordinate terms

See also

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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