home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools |
country; state; nation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (家國) | 家 | 國 | |
| simp. (家国) | 家 | 国 | |
| anagram | 國家／国家 | ||
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 家 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) | 登 (132) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | II | I |
| Fanqie | 古牙切 | 古或切 |
| Baxter | kae | kwok |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kˠa/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kᵚa/ | /kʷək̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ka/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kaɨ/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/ka/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/ka/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ka/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jiā | guo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
gaa1 | gwak1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 家 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jiā | guó |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ kæ › | ‹ kwok › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kˁra/ | /*[C.q]ʷˁək/ |
| English | household | state (n.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 家 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 5919 | 5547 |
| Phonetic component |
家 | 或 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 職 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
嘉 | 國 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kraː/ | /*kʷɯːɡ/ |