孔子

Chinese

		Kong (surname)	respectful suffix for a male
simp. and trad. (孔子)		孔	子

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Kǒngzǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hung² zi²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): huung² du²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Khûng-chṳ́
Eastern Min (BUC): Kūng-cṳ̄
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): Khóng-chú / Khóng-chír / Khóng-chí

(Teochew, Peng'im): kong² ze²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵khon-tsy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Kǒngzǐ [Phonetic: kóngzǐ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Kǒngzǐh
  - Wade–Giles: Kʻung³-tzŭ³
  - Yale: Kǔng-dž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Koongtzyy
  - Palladius: Кунцзы (Kunczy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung² zi²
  - Yale: húng jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung² dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung² ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: huung² du²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Khûng-chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: kung´ zii`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kung¹ zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰuŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Kūng-cṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuŋ³³⁻³⁵ ^(t͡s-)ʒy³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chú
  - Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qofngzuo
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chír
  - Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsír
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chí
  - Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qofngcie
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kong² ze²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khóng tsṳ́
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sɯ⁵²⁻²¹/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵khon-tsy
  - MiniDict: khon^去 tsy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²khon-tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰoŋ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: khuwngX tsiX

Rime
Character	孔	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	康董切	即里切
Baxter	khuwngX	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuŋ^X/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuŋ^X/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuŋ^X/	/t͡sie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəwŋ^X/	/t͡sɨ^X/
Li Rong	/kʰuŋ^X/	/t͡siə^X/
Wang Li	/kʰuŋ^X/	/t͡sĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuŋ^X/	/t͡si^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kǒng	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung²	zi²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤoŋʔ tsəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰloːŋʔ ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孔	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kǒng	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ khuwng^X ›	‹ tsi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʰˁoŋʔ/	/*tsəʔ/
English	(surname)	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孔	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7489	17857
Phonetic component	孔	子
Rime group	東	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	孔	子
Old Chinese	/*kʰloːŋʔ/	/*ʔslɯʔ/
Notes	金文象就乳，與古候切從子殼聲字（說文乳也）同源

Proper noun

孔子

Confucius
- 孔子見老聃，老聃新沐，方將被髮而乾，慹然似非人。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  孔子见老聃，老聃新沐，方将被发而干，𰑔然似非人。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Kǒngzǐ jiàn Lǎodān, Lǎodān xīnmù, fāngjiāng bèifà ér gān, zhérán sì fēirén. [Pinyin]
  Confucius went to see Lao Dan, and arrived just as he had completed the bathing of his head, and was letting his dishevelled hair get dry. There he was, motionless, and as if there were not another man in the world.

Synonyms

仲尼 (Zhòngní)
先師／先师 (xiānshī)
先聖／先圣 (xiānshèng)
夫子 (fūzǐ)
孔 (kǒng)
孔丘 (Kǒng Qiū)
孔夫子 (Kǒng Fūzǐ)
孔子公 (Hokkien)
素王 (sùwáng)

Derived terms

孔子公
孔子學院／孔子学院 (Kǒngzǐ Xuéyuàn)
孔子家語／孔子家语
孔子廟／孔子庙 (Kǒngzǐmiào)
孔子廟堂碑／孔子庙堂碑
孔子白
孔子誕辰紀念／孔子诞辰纪念
孔子鳥／孔子鸟 (kǒngzǐniǎo)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (孔子):

→ Japanese: 孔(こう)子(し) (Kōshi)
→ Korean: 공자(孔子) (Gongja)
→ Vietnamese: Khổng Tử (孔子)

Others:

→ English: Kongzi
→ Kazakh: Құң-зы (Qūñ-zy)
→ Khmer: ខុងជឺ (khong cɨɨ)
→ Lao: ຂົງຈື້ (khong chư̄)
→ Manchu: ᡴᡠᠩᡯᡳ (kungdzi)
→ Mongolian: Күнз (Künz)
→ Russian: Ку́н-цзы́ (Kún-czý)
→ Thai: ขงจื๊อ (kǒng-jʉ́ʉ)
→ Tibetan: ཁུང་ཙི (khung tsi)
→ Uyghur: كۇڭزى (kungzi)
→ Zhuang: Gungjswj

Japanese

Kanji in this term
孔	子
こう Grade: S	し Grade: 1
kan’on

Kanji in this term
孔	子
く Grade: S	し > じ Grade: 1
goon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 孔子 (MC khuwngX tsiX).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɕi]

IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝʑi]

Proper noun

孔(こう)子(し) or 孔(く)子(じ) • (Kōshi or Kuji)

Confucius
Synonym: 孔夫子 (Kō Fūshi)

Korean

Hanja in this term
孔	子

Proper noun

孔子 • (Gongja) (hangeul 공자)

Hanja form^? of 공자 (“Confucius”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
孔	子

Proper noun

孔子

chữ Hán form of Khổng Tử (“Confucius”).

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

孔子

Chinese

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Japanese

Etymology

Pronunciation

Proper noun

See also

Korean

Proper noun

Vietnamese

Proper noun