奴婢

Chinese
slave slave girl; maid servant
trad. (奴婢) 奴 婢
simp. #(奴婢) 奴 婢

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 奴 婢
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 泥 (8) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 乃都切 便婢切
Baxter nu bjieX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /nuo/ /biᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /nuo/ /biɛX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /no/ /bjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /nɔ/ /biə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /no/ /bieX/
Wang
Li		 /nu/ /bǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /nuo/ /bʱie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 nú bì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 nou4 bei6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奴 婢
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 nú bì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nu › ‹ bjieX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nˁa/ /*[b]eʔ/
English slave female slave or servant

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奴 婢 婢
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
No. 9600 378 394
Phonetic
component		 女 卑 卑
Rime
group		 魚 支 支
Rime
subdivision		 0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 奴 𢔌 婢
Old
Chinese		 /*naː/ /*peʔ/ /*beʔ/

Noun

奴婢

  1. (literary, archaic) servants and maid-servants (as a combined category)
  2. (literary, archaic) I; your humble servant (term of self-address used by servants, maid-servants and eunuchs when addressing the emperor, ministers, concubines, etc.)

Usage notes

The sense servants and maid-servants is an example of a 合稱／合称 (héchēng) in Chinese; the sense term of self-address is an example of a 自稱／自称 (zìchēng).

See also

Japanese
Kanji in this term
奴 婢
ぬ
Grade: S		 ひ
Hyōgaiji

Etymology

Superficially 奴(ぬ) (nu, “servant; slave”) + 婢(ひ) (hi, “maid”). Compare Mandarin 奴婢 (núbì, “núbì”), Hakka 奴婢 (“nùpî”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [nɯ̟ᵝçi]

Noun

奴(ぬ)婢(ひ) • (nuhi) 

  1. servants; maids and servants
  2. (historical) servant class, a social rank above 賤民(せんみん) (senmin, “plebeian; low caste”) and below 良民(りょうみん) (ryōmin, “good citizen”)

Korean
Hanja in this term
奴婢

Noun

奴婢 • (nobi) (hangeul 노비)

  1. Hanja form? of 노비 (“slave; servant”).

Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term
奴婢

Noun

奴婢

  1. chữ Hán form of nô tì (“slave; servant”).

Pronoun

奴婢

  1. chữ Hán form of nô tì (“I/me”).
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