天涯

Chinese

		day; sky; heaven	border; horizon; shore
simp. and trad. (天涯)		天	涯

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tiānyá

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tin¹ ngaai⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thiên-ngài
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): thian-gâi

(Teochew, Peng'im): tiêng¹ ngai⁵ / tiang¹ ngai⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tiānyá
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tianyá
  - Wade–Giles: tʻien¹-ya²
  - Yale: tyān-yá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianya
  - Palladius: тянья (tjanʹja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ jä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tin¹ ngaai⁴
  - Yale: tīn ngàaih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tin¹ ngaai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tin¹ ngai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn⁵⁵ ŋaːi̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiên-ngài
  - Hakka Romanization System: tien´ ngaiˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tian¹ ngai²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en²⁴ ŋai̯¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-gâi
  - Tâi-lô: thian-gâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tien'gaai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛn³³ ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ɡai¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡai²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡai²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tiêng¹ ngai⁵ / tiang¹ ngai⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thieng ngâi / thiang ngâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ ŋai⁵⁵/, /tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ ŋai⁵⁵/

Note:

tiêng1 ngai5 - Chaozhou;
tiang1 ngai5 - Shantou, Jieyang.

Middle Chinese: then ngje|ngea

Rime
Character	天	涯	涯
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	支 (13)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III	II
Fanqie	他前切	魚羈切	五佳切
Baxter	then	ngje	ngea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰen/	/ŋˠiᴇ/	/ŋˠɛ/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰen/	/ŋᵚiɛ/	/ŋᵚæ/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛn/	/ŋiɛ/	/ŋæi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛn/	/ŋjiə̆/	/ŋaɨj/
Li Rong	/tʰen/	/ŋje/	/ŋɛ/
Wang Li	/tʰien/	/ŋǐe/	/ŋai/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰien/	/ŋie̯/	/ŋai/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiān	yí	yá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tin¹	ji⁴	ngaai⁴

Noun

天涯

(literary) far corners of the world; distant lands

Derived terms

同是天涯淪落人／同是天涯沦落人 (tóng shì tiānyá lúnluòrén)
咫尺天涯
地角天涯
天涯何處無芳草／天涯何处无芳草 (tiānyá héchù wú fāngcǎo)
天涯咫尺
天涯地角 (tiānyá dìjiǎo)
天涯海角 (tiānyáhǎijiǎo)
天涯知己
天涯若比鄰／天涯若比邻 (tiānyá ruò bǐlín)
明日天涯
海角天涯
浪跡天涯／浪迹天涯

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (天涯):

→ Japanese: 天涯(てんがい) (tengai)
→ Korean: 천애(天涯) (cheonae)

See also

天際／天际 (tiānjì)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
天	涯
てん Grade: 1	がい Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

天(てん)涯(がい) • (tengai)

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