塗る

Japanese
Kanji in this term
塗
ぬ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese.[1] Possibly related to 濡れる (nureru, “to get wet”).[2][3]

Pronunciation
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "塗る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 塗る ぬる [nùrú]
Imperative (命令形) 塗れ ぬれ [nùré]
Key constructions
Passive 塗られる ぬられる [nùrárérú]
Causative 塗らせる ぬらせる [nùrásérú]
Potential 塗れる ぬれる [nùrérú]
Volitional 塗ろう ぬろ​ー [nùróꜜò]
Negative 塗らない ぬらない [nùránáí]
Negative perfective 塗らなかった ぬらな​かった [nùránáꜜkàttà]
Formal 塗ります ぬりま​す [nùrímáꜜsù]
Perfective 塗った ぬった [nùttá]
Conjunctive 塗って ぬって [nùtté]
Hypothetical conditional 塗れば ぬれ​ば [nùréꜜbà]

Verb

塗(ぬ)る • (nuru) transitive godan (stem 塗(ぬ)り (nuri), past 塗(ぬ)った (nutta))

  1. to paint or plaster
  2. to spread on, to dab on, to apply
    油(あぶら)を塗(ぬ)る
    abura o nuru
    grease, anoint with oil
  3. to fill in
    マークシートを塗(ぬ)る
    mākushīto o nuru
    to fill in the bubble sheet

Conjugation
Conjugation of "塗る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 塗ら ぬら nura
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 塗り ぬり nuri
Shūshikei ("terminal") 塗る ぬる nuru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 塗る ぬる nuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 塗れ ぬれ nure
Meireikei ("imperative") 塗れ ぬれ nure
Key constructions
Passive 塗られる ぬられる nurareru
Causative 塗らせる
塗らす		 ぬらせる
ぬらす		 nuraseru
nurasu
Potential 塗れる ぬれる nureru
Volitional 塗ろう ぬろう nurō
Negative 塗らない ぬらない nuranai
Negative continuative 塗らず ぬらず nurazu
Formal 塗ります ぬります nurimasu
Perfective 塗った ぬった nutta
Conjunctive 塗って ぬって nutte
Hypothetical conditional 塗れば ぬれば nureba

References
  1. Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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