囃子

Japanese
Kanji in this term
囃 子
はや
Hyōgaiji		 し
Grade: 1
kun’yomi on’yomi
Alternative spellings
囃し
囃

Etymology

The 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 囃(はや)す (hayasu, “to accompany musically; to keep time musically”).[1][2][3][4] Derivationally cognate with 栄やす (hayasu, “to make prominent; to make something glow or shine; to make something prosper”),[1][2][3] 生やす (hayasu, “to make something grow”),[1][2][3] 早い (hayai, “quick, fast; early”).[1]

First cited in a work from 1134.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

囃(はや)子(し) • (hayashi) 

  1. [from 1134] (archaic, possibly obsolete) livening things up with music or song
  2. [from 1134] (archaic, possibly obsolete) lively music
  3. [from 1430] lively music played during a noh, kabuki, or other stage performance to quicken the pace or raise the mood
  4. [date uncertain] a particular style of musical accompaniment in traditional Japanese entertainment forms such as noh

References
  1. “囃・囃子”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. “囃子”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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