| sigh | to sigh | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (嗟嘆/嗟歎) | 嗟 | 嘆/歎 | |
| simp. (嗟叹) | 嗟 | 叹 | |
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 嗟 | 嘆 | 嘆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 透 (6) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) | 寒 (61) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I | I |
| Fanqie | 子邪切 | 他干切 | 他旦切 |
| Baxter | tsjae | than | thanH |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡sia/ | /tʰɑn/ | /tʰɑnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡sia/ | /tʰɑn/ | /tʰɑnH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sia/ | /tʰɑn/ | /tʰɑnH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡sia/ | /tʰan/ | /tʰanH/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡sia/ | /tʰɑn/ | /tʰɑnH/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡sĭa/ | /tʰɑn/ | /tʰɑnH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡si̯a/ | /tʰɑn/ | /tʰɑnH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jiē | tān | tàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
ze1 | taan1 | taan3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 嗟 | 嘆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jiē | tàn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsjæ › | ‹ thanH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*tsAj/ | /*n̥ˁar-s/ |
| English | sigh; alas! | sigh |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 嗟 | 嘆 | 嘆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 18026 | 4890 | 4895 |
| Phonetic component |
左 | 暵 | 暵 |
| Rime group |
歌 | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
嗟 | 灘 | 炭 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔsljal/ | /*n̥ʰaːn/ | /*n̥ʰaːns/ |