啟發

See also: 启发

Chinese

		to open; to start	to send out; to show (one's feeling); to issue to send out; to show (one's feeling); to issue; to develop
trad. (啟發/啓發)		啟/啓	發
simp. (启发)		启	发

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qǐfā

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˇ ㄈㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kai² faat³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khí-fat
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khé-hoat

(Teochew, Peng'im): ki² huag⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qǐfā
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄈㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cǐfa
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi³-fa¹
  - Yale: chǐ-fā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiifa
  - Palladius: цифа (cifa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ fä⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kai² faat³
  - Yale: kái faat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kai² faat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: kei² fad³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐi̯³⁵ faːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khí-fat
  - Hakka Romanization System: ki` fad`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ki³ fad⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi³¹ fat̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khé-hoat
  - Tâi-lô: khé-huat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qefhoad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰe⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰe⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ huat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰe⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰe⁵³⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰe⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ huat̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ki² huag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khí huak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰi⁵²⁻³⁵ huak̚²/

Middle Chinese: khejX pjot

Rime
Character	啟	發
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	元 (68)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	康禮切	方伐切
Baxter	khejX	pjot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰei^X/	/pʉɐt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰei^X/	/pʷiɐt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɛi^X/	/piuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰɛj^X/	/puat̚/
Li Rong	/kʰei^X/	/piuɐt̚/
Wang Li	/kʰiei^X/	/pĭwɐt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰiei^X/	/pi̯wɐt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qǐ	fa
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hai²	faat³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰˤijʔ Cə.pat/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰeːʔ pad/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	啟	發
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qǐ	fā
Middle Chinese	‹ khej^X ›	‹ pjot ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰˁijʔ/	/*Cə.pat/
English	open (v.)	fly forth, send forth
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	啟	發
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10129	164
Phonetic component	啓	癹
Rime group	支	月
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	啓	髮
Old Chinese	/*kʰeːʔ/	/*pad/
Notes	啓通用異體見漢簡

Verb

啟發

(transitive) to enlighten; to inspire; to stimulate; to arouse
受某人的啟發／受某人的启发 ― shòu mǒurén de qǐfā ― to be inspired by someone

我看過你的文章，我很受啟發。 [MSC, trad.]
我看过你的文章，我很受启发。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ kàn guò nǐ de wénzhāng, wǒ hěn shòu qǐfā. [Pinyin]
I have read your article and was very inspired by it.

Synonyms

啟導／启导 (qǐdǎo) (literary)
啟示／启示 (qǐshì)
啟迪／启迪 (qǐdí) (formal)
開導／开导 (kāidǎo)
開悟／开悟 (kāiwù) (literary)

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