sorrow; grief; pity sorrow; grief; pity; to grieve for; to pity; to lament |
song | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (哀歌) |
哀 | 歌 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 哀 | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 烏開切 | 古俄切 |
| Baxter | 'oj | ka |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔʌi/ | /kɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔəi/ | /kɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔɒi/ | /kɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔəj/ | /ka/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔᴀi/ | /kɑ/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɒi/ | /kɑ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔɑ̆i/ | /kɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
āi | gē |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
oi1 | go1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 哀 | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
āi | gē |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ʔoj › | ‹ ka › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔˁəj/ | /*[k]ˁaj/ |
| English | to pity; sad | sing, song |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 哀 | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 14835 | 7438 |
| Phonetic component |
衣 | 可 |
| Rime group |
微 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
哀 | 歌 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qɯːl/ | /*kaːl/ |
哀歌