味噌

Chinese

taste sound of bells, etc; to scold; whoosh!
simp. and trad.
(味噌)
味 噌

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 味噌 (miso).

Pronunciation


Noun

味噌

  1. miso (fermenting soybean paste)

Synonyms

Derived terms

Japanese

Kanji in this term
味 噌
み
Grade: 3
そ
Jinmeiyō
goon kan’yōon
Alternative spellings
未醤
味醤
味噌 (miso): three different kinds of miso for sale.

Etymology

*/misau/ → */misɔ/ → /miso/

From Old Japanese. First attested in Ritsuryō tax records from 738 CE, with the spelling 未醤.[1]

Possibly either directly from Middle Chinese 未醬 (MC mj+jH tsjangH), or a coinage in Japan of Middle Chinese-derived elements as a compound of 未 (mi, “not yet, immature”) +‎ 醬 (sō, “sauce”, the older goon reading, from even older sau).

Vovin, however, considers it to be a borrowing from Koreanic,[2] compare Modern Korean 메주 (meju) "brick of dried fermented soybeans."

Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *misV.

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Noun

味(み)噌(そ) or 味噌(ミソ) • (miso) 

  1. miso (fermented soybean paste)
  2. the innards of a crab or shrimp resembling miso
  3. the good part (from the taste of miso)
    そこがミソなんだよ。
    Soko ga miso na n da yo.
    That's the great part about it.
  4. Short for 味噌っ滓 (misokkasu): a good-for-nothing child
  5. a weakling
  6. a failure
    Synonyms: しくじり (shikujiri), 失敗 (shippai)

Derived terms

Idioms

Proverbs

  • 味噌(みそ)も糞(くそ)も一緒(いっしょ) (miso mo kuso mo issho), 糞(くそ)も味噌(みそ)も一緒(いっしょ) (kuso mo miso mo issho)
  • 鬼(おに)味噌(みそ) (oni miso)
  • 長者(ちょうじゃ)の脛(はぎ)に味噌(みそ)を塗(ぬ)る (chōja no hagi ni miso o nuru)

Descendants

  • → Chinese: 味噌
  • → Min Nan: Mí-sooh
  • → English: miso
  • → French: miso
  • → German: Miso
  • → Hindi: मिसो (miso)
  • → Italian: miso
  • → Korean: 미소 (miso)
  • → Macanese: miçó, missó
  • → Persian: میسو (miso)
  • → Portuguese: missô
  • → Russian: ми́со (míso)
  • → Spanish: miso

See also

Proper noun

味(み)噌(そ) • (Miso) 

  1. a surname

References

  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Vovin, Alexander (2007) “Korean Loanwords”, in Altai Hakpo (알타이학보)‎, volume 17, pages 77-78
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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