吐血
Chinese
| vomit; to spit | blood | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (吐血) |
吐 | 血 | |
Pronunciation
Verb
吐血
- (medicine) to vomit blood
- (figurative) to be very excited, angry or frustrated
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to be exasperating; to be utterly helpless
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 吐血 (“to vomit blood”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吐血, 嘔血 | |
| Mandarin | Taiwan | 吐血 |
| Liuzhou | 吐血 | |
| Singapore | 吐血 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 嘔血 |
| Hong Kong | 嘔血 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 嘔血 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吐血 |
| Pingxiang | 吐血 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 嘔血, 翻血 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 嘔血 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 嘔血, 翻血 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 嘔血 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 嘔血, 翻血 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 嘔血 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 吐血 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 嘔血 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 吐血, 呸血, 咯紅, 霂血 |
| Quanzhou | 吐血, 呸血, 咯紅, 霂血 | |
| Jinjiang | 吐血, 呸血 | |
| Zhangzhou | 吐血, 呸血 | |
| Tainan | 嘔紅, 嘔血, 呸血, 咯血 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 吐血 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 吐血, 呸血 | |
| Shantou | 嘔血, 吐血 | |
| Leizhou | 吐血 | |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 嘔血, 吐血 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 吐血 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 吐血 |
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 吐 | 血 |
| と Grade: S |
けつ Grade: 3 |
| on’yomi | |
Conjugation
Conjugation of "吐血する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 吐血し | とけつし | toketsu shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 吐血し | とけつし | toketsu shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 吐血する | とけつする | toketsu suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 吐血する | とけつする | toketsu suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 吐血すれ | とけつすれ | toketsu sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 吐血せよ¹ 吐血しろ² |
とけつせよ¹ とけつしろ² |
toketsu seyo¹ toketsu shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 吐血される | とけつされる | toketsu sareru | |
| Causative | 吐血させる 吐血さす |
とけつさせる とけつさす |
toketsu saseru toketsu sasu | |
| Potential | 吐血できる | とけつできる | toketsu dekiru | |
| Volitional | 吐血しよう | とけつしよう | toketsu shiyō | |
| Negative | 吐血しない | とけつしない | toketsu shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 吐血せず | とけつせず | toketsu sezu | |
| Formal | 吐血します | とけつします | toketsu shimasu | |
| Perfective | 吐血した | とけつした | toketsu shita | |
| Conjunctive | 吐血して | とけつして | toketsu shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 吐血すれば | とけつすれば | toketsu sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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