出す

Japanese
Kanji in this term
出
だ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese いだす (idasu), most likely fused from 出づ (idu) with the transitive giver -asu, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *intu (“to come out”).

First cited to the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE.[1]

Pronunciation
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "出す"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 出す だ​す [dáꜜsù]
Imperative (命令形) 出せ だ​せ [dáꜜsè]
Key constructions
Passive 出される だされ​る [dàsáréꜜrù]
Causative 出させる ださせ​る [dàsáséꜜrù]
Potential 出せる だせ​る [dàséꜜrù]
Volitional 出そう だそ​ー [dàsóꜜò]
Negative 出さない ださ​ない [dàsáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 出さなかった ださ​なかった [dàsáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 出します だしま​す [dàshímáꜜsù]
Perfective 出した だ​した [dáꜜshìtà]
Conjunctive 出して だ​して [dáꜜshìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 出せば だ​せば [dáꜜsèbà]

Verb

出(だ)す • (dasu) transitive godan (stem 出(だ)し (dashi), past 出(だ)した (dashita))

Japanese verb pair
active 出す
mediopassive 出る
  1. to take out, to get out
  2. to put forth; to show or reveal
    グーを出(だ)す
    gū o dasu
    to play rock [in rock-paper-scissors]
    結果(けっか)を出(だ)す
    kekka o dasu
    to yield results
    答(こた)えを出(だ)す
    kotae o dasu
    to produce an answer
    エラーを出(だ)す
    erā o dasu
    to spit out an error message
    音(おと)を出(だ)す
    oto o dasu
    to sound, to emit a sound, to produce a sound, to strike a note
  3. to submit, to turn in
    プリントを出(だ)す
    purinto o dasu
    to turn in the worksheet
  4. to publish, to make public
  5. to demonstrate, to show
    やる気(き)を出(だ)す
    yaru ki o dasu
    to demonstrate motivation
    • 2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of "Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa":
      シリア国民(こくみん)は勇気(ゆうき)を出(だ)して、民主主義(みんしゅしゅぎ)への移行(いこう)を要求(ようきゅう)した。
      Shiria kokumin wa yūki o dashite, minshushugi e no ikō o yōkyū shita.
      The Syrian people have shown their courage in demanding a transition to democracy.
  6. to send something, like a letter
    手紙(てがみ)を出(だ)す
    tegami o dasu
    to post a letter
  7. to begin, give rise to
  8. to permeate
  9. (of food) to serve
    あのレストランは良(い)い食事(しょくじ)を出(だ)す。
    Ano resutoran wa ii shokuji o dasu.
    That restaurant serves good meals.
  10. to emit (light), to utter (a sound or a voice)
    声(こえ)を出(だ)す
    koe o dasu
    to speak
    音(おと)を出(だ)す
    oto o dasu
    to make a sound
  11. (vulgar) (specifically) to ejaculate
    中(なか)出(だ)し
    nakadashi
    creampie

Suffix

出(だ)す • (-dasu) godan (stem 出(だ)し (-dashi), past 出(だ)した (-dashita))

  1. to begin to do something
    動(うご)き出(だ)す
    ugokidasu
    to begin to move
  2. (with movement verbs) out
    飛(と)び出(だ)す
    tobidasu
    to jump out, to fly out

Conjugation
Conjugation of "出す" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 出さ ださ dasa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 出し だし dashi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 出す だす dasu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 出す だす dasu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 出せ だせ dase
Meireikei ("imperative") 出せ だせ dase
Key constructions
Passive 出される だされる dasareru
Causative 出させる
出さす		 ださせる
ださす		 dasaseru
dasasu
Potential 出せる だせる daseru
Volitional 出そう だそう dasō
Negative 出さない ださない dasanai
Negative continuative 出さず ださず dasazu
Formal 出します だします dashimasu
Perfective 出した だした dashita
Conjunctive 出して だして dashite
Hypothetical conditional 出せば だせば daseba
Classical conjugation of "出す" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 出さいださidasa
Continuative (連用形) 出しいだしidasi
Terminal (終止形) 出すいだすidasu
Attributive (連体形) 出すいだすidasu
Realis (已然形) 出せいだせidase
Imperative (命令形) 出せいだせidase
Key constructions
Negative 出さずいださずidasazu
Contrasting conjunction 出せどいだせどidasedo
Causal conjunction 出せばいだせばidaseba
Conditional conjunction 出さばいださばidasaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 出しきいだしきidasiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 出しけりいだしけりidasikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 出しついだしつidasitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 出しぬいだしぬidasinu
Perfect-continuative tense 出せり
出したり		いだせり
いだしたり		idaseri
idasitari
Volitional 出さむいださむidasamu

See also

References
  1. “出”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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