凌ぐ

Japanese
Kanji in this term
凌
しの
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Pronunciation
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "凌ぐ"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 凌ぐ しの​ぐ [shìnóꜜgù]
Imperative (命令形) 凌げ しの​げ [shìnóꜜgè]
Key constructions
Passive 凌がれる しのがれ​る [shìnógáréꜜrù]
Causative 凌がせる しのがせ​る [shìnógáséꜜrù]
Potential 凌げる しのげ​る [shìnógéꜜrù]
Volitional 凌ごう しのご​ー [shìnógóꜜò]
Negative 凌がない しのが​ない [shìnógáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 凌がなかった しのが​なかった [shìnógáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 凌ぎます しのぎま​す [shìnógímáꜜsù]
Perfective 凌いだ しの​いだ [shìnóꜜìdà]
Conjunctive 凌いで しの​いで [shìnóꜜìdè]
Hypothetical conditional 凌げば しの​げば [shìnóꜜgèbà]

Verb

凌(しの)ぐ • (shinogu) transitive godan (stem 凌(しの)ぎ (shinogi), past 凌(しの)いだ (shinoida))

  1. weather out, endure, stave off
  2. outdo, surpass

Conjugation
Conjugation of "凌ぐ" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 凌が しのが shinoga
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 凌ぎ しのぎ shinogi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 凌ぐ しのぐ shinogu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 凌ぐ しのぐ shinogu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 凌げ しのげ shinoge
Meireikei ("imperative") 凌げ しのげ shinoge
Key constructions
Passive 凌がれる しのがれる shinogareru
Causative 凌がせる
凌がす		 しのがせる
しのがす		 shinogaseru
shinogasu
Potential 凌げる しのげる shinogeru
Volitional 凌ごう しのごう shinogō
Negative 凌がない しのがない shinoganai
Negative continuative 凌がず しのがず shinogazu
Formal 凌ぎます しのぎます shinogimasu
Perfective 凌いだ しのいだ shinoida
Conjunctive 凌いで しのいで shinoide
Hypothetical conditional 凌げば しのげば shinogeba

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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