保護

See also: 保护

Chinese

		to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee to defend; to protect; to insure or guarantee; to maintain; hold or keep; to guard	protect
trad. (保護)		保	護
simp. (保护)		保	护

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bǎohù

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бохў (bohw, II-III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² wu⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pó-fu

(Meixian, Guangdong): bau³ fu⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): bō̤-hô
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pó-hō͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): bo² hu⁶
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵pau-wu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bǎohù
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄏㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bǎohù
  - Wade–Giles: pao³-hu⁴
  - Yale: bǎu-hù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baohuh
  - Palladius: баоху (baoxu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бохў (bohw, II-III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔ⁵¹ xu⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bou² wu⁶
  - Yale: bóu wuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bou² wu⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: bou² wu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ wuː²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-fu
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo` fu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bo³ fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /po³¹ fu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: bau³ fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pau³¹ fu⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bō̤-hô
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(h-)ou²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: pó-hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poy'ho
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ²²/
  - IPA (Singapore): /po⁴²⁻²⁴ hɔ²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bo² hu⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pó hŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po⁵²⁻³⁵ hu³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁵pau-wu
  - MiniDict: pau^去 wu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²pau-hhu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pɔ³³ ɦu⁴⁴/

Verb

保護

(transitive) to protect; to safeguard; to conserve; to preserve
保護環境／保护环境 ― bǎohù huánjìng ― to protect the environment

保護文物／保护文物 ― bǎohù wénwù ― to protect cultural objects

保護措施／保护措施 ― bǎohù cuòshī ― protective measures; conservation measures; safeguards

保護程序／保护程序 ― bǎohù chéngxù ― conservation process

保護棚罩／保护棚罩 ― bǎohù péngzhào ― protective shelter

保護單位／保护单位 ― bǎohù dānwèi ― officially protected site; officially protected entity

保護文化遺產／保护文化遗产 ― bǎohù wénhuà yíchǎn ― to protect cultural heritage

保護案發現場／保护案发现场 ― bǎohù ànfā xiànchǎng ― to preserve the crime scene

注重保護森林／注重保护森林 ― zhùzhòng bǎohù sēnlín ― to attach importance to forest conservation

Synonyms

保 (bǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
保庇 (Hokkien)
保障 (bǎozhàng)
堅持／坚持 (jiānchí)
掩護／掩护 (yǎnhù)
維持／维持 (wéichí)
維護／维护 (wéihù)
蔽護／蔽护 (bìhù) (literary)
護／护 (hù) (literary, or in compounds)

Antonyms

(archaic) 決裂／决裂 (juéliè)
破壞／破坏 (pòhuài)

Derived terms

人身保護令／人身保护令 (rénshēn bǎohù lìng)
保護主義／保护主义 (bǎohù zhǔyì)
保護人／保护人
保護作物／保护作物
保護傘／保护伞 (bǎohùsǎn)
保護價／保护价 (bǎohùjià)
保護區／保护区 (bǎohùqū)
保護器／保护器 (bǎohùqì)
保護國／保护国 (bǎohùguó)
保護妳專線／保护你专线
保護性／保护性 (bǎohùxìng)
保護模式／保护模式 (bǎohù móshì)
保護狀制／保护状制
保護管束／保护管束
保護級／保护级
保護罩／保护罩 (bǎohùzhào)
保護膜／保护膜 (bǎohùmó)
保護色／保护色 (bǎohùsè)
保護費／保护费 (bǎohùfèi)
保護貿易／保护贸易
保護關稅／保护关税 (bǎohù guānshuì)
保護食物／保护食物
保護鳥／保护鸟
更生保護／更生保护
消費者保護法／消费者保护法
漏電保護接地極插座／漏电保护接地极插座
環保／环保 (huánbǎo)
環境保護／环境保护 (huánjìng bǎohù)
直接保護／直接保护
自然保護／自然保护
被保護國／被保护国
貿易保護／贸易保护
貿易保護法／贸易保护法
關稅保護／关税保护

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (保護):

→ Japanese: 保護(ほご) (hogo)
→ Korean: 보호(保護) (boho)
→ Vietnamese: bảo hộ (保護)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
保	護
ほ Grade: 5	ご Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほご [hóꜜgò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
IPA^(key): [ho̞ɡo̞]

Noun

保(ほ)護(ご) • (hogo)

protection; safeguard

Verb

保(ほ)護(ご)する • (hogo suru) transitive suru (stem 保(ほ)護(ご)し (hogo shi), past 保(ほ)護(ご)した (hogo shita))

to shield (to protect, to defend)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "保護する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	保護し	ほごし	hogo shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	保護し	ほごし	hogo shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	保護する	ほごする	hogo suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	保護する	ほごする	hogo suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	保護すれ	ほごすれ	hogo sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	保護せよ¹ 保護しろ²	ほごせよ¹ ほごしろ²	hogo seyo¹ hogo shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	保護される	ほごされる	hogo sareru
Causative	保護させる保護さす	ほごさせるほごさす	hogo saseru hogo sasu
Potential	保護できる	ほごできる	hogo dekiru
Volitional	保護しよう	ほごしよう	hogo shiyō
Negative	保護しない	ほごしない	hogo shinai
Negative continuative	保護せず	ほごせず	hogo sezu
Formal	保護します	ほごします	hogo shimasu
Perfective	保護した	ほごした	hogo shita
Conjunctive	保護して	ほごして	hogo shite
Hypothetical conditional	保護すれば	ほごすれば	hogo sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Derived terms

保(ほ)護(ご)者(しゃ) (hogosha, “a guardian, protector, watcher”)

References

Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
保	護

Noun

保護 • (boho) (hangeul 보호)

Hanja form^? of 보호 (“protection”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
保	護

Verb

保護

chữ Hán form of bảo hộ (“to protect”).

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[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN