于嗟

Chinese

		surname	sigh
trad. (于嗟)		于	嗟
simp. ^#(于嗟)		于	嗟

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xūjiē

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄐㄧㄝ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xūjiē
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄐㄧㄝ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syujie
  - Wade–Giles: hsü¹-chieh¹
  - Yale: syū-jyē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiujie
  - Palladius: сюйцзе (sjujcze)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: hju tsjae

Rime
Character	于	嗟
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	羽俱切	子邪切
Baxter	hju	tsjae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨo/	/t͡sia/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦio/	/t͡sia/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣio/	/t͡sia/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuə̆/	/t͡sia/
Li Rong	/ɣio/	/t͡sia/
Wang Li	/ɣĭu/	/t͡sĭa/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯u/	/t͡si̯a/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú	jiē
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu⁴	ze¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷ(r)a|ɦʷa tsAj/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷa ʔsljal/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	于	于	嗟
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yú	yú	jiē
Middle Chinese	‹ hju ›	‹ hju ›	‹ tsjæ ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷ(r)a/	/ɦʷa/ (< ɢʷ(r)a)	/*tsAj/
English	go; at	單于 chányú: Xiōngnú ruler (W. Hàn)	sigh; alas!
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	于	嗟
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15706	18026
Phonetic component	于	左
Rime group	魚	歌
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	于	嗟
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷa/	/*ʔsljal/
Notes	王筠雲籲初文

Interjection

于嗟

(literary) alas
- 麟之趾，振振公子，于嗟麟兮。
  麟之定，振振公姓，于嗟麟兮。
  麟之角，振振公族，于嗟麟兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Lín zhī zhǐ, zhēnzhēn gōng zǐ, xūjiē lín xī.
  Lín zhī dìng, zhēnzhēn gōng xìng, xūjiē lín xī.
  Lín zhī jiǎo, zhēnzhēn gōng zú, xūjiē lín xī. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

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