| not; no | to agree; to consent; to be ready (to do sth) to agree; to consent; to be ready (to do sth); willing | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (不肯) | 不 | 肯 | |
| simp. #(不肯) | 不 | 肯 | |
| Rime | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 肯 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 文 (60) | 登 (129) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III | I |
| Fanqie | 甫鳩切 | 方久切 | 分勿切 | 苦等切 |
| Baxter | pjuw | pjuwX | pjut | khongX |
| Reconstructions | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pɨu/ | /pɨuX/ | /pɨut̚/ | /kʰəŋX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/piu/ | /piuX/ | /piut̚/ | /kʰəŋX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/piəu/ | /piəuX/ | /piuət̚/ | /kʰəŋX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/puw/ | /puwX/ | /put̚/ | /kʰəŋX/ |
| Li Rong |
/piu/ | /piuX/ | /piuət̚/ | /kʰəŋX/ |
| Wang Li |
/pĭəu/ | /pĭəuX/ | /pĭuət̚/ | /kʰəŋX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/pi̯ə̯u/ | /pi̯ə̯uX/ | /pi̯uət̚/ | /kʰəŋX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
fōu | fǒu | fu | kěng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
fau1 | fau2 | fat1 | hang2 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 不 | 肯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
bù | kěn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ pjuw › | ‹ khongX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*pə/ | /*kʰˁəŋʔ/ |
| English | not | to be willing |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 肯 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1025 | 1029 | 1048 | 7485 |
| Phonetic component |
不 | 不 | 不 | 肯 |
| Rime group |
之 | 之 | 物 | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
不 | 缶 | 弗 | 肯 |
| Old Chinese |
/*pɯ/ | /*pɯʔ/ | /*pɯ'/ | /*kʰɯːŋʔ/ |
| Notes | 象花柎與本同源 | 中古才促化 | 說文作肎 | |