جام

See also: حام, خام, and چام

Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian جام (jâm).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒaːm/

Noun

جَام • (jām) m (plural جَامَات (jāmāt) or جُوم (jūm) or أَجْوَام (ʔajwām))

  1. cup, bowl
  2. tray, platter

Declension
Declension of noun جَام (jām)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَام
jām		 الْجَام
al-jām		 جَام
jām
Nominative جَامٌ
jāmun		 الْجَامُ
al-jāmu		 جَامُ
jāmu
Accusative جَامًا
jāman		 الْجَامَ
al-jāma		 جَامَ
jāma
Genitive جَامٍ
jāmin		 الْجَامِ
al-jāmi		 جَامِ
jāmi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَامَيْن
jāmayn		 الْجَامَيْن
al-jāmayn		 جَامَيْ
jāmay
Nominative جَامَانِ
jāmāni		 الْجَامَانِ
al-jāmāni		 جَامَا
jāmā
Accusative جَامَيْنِ
jāmayni		 الْجَامَيْنِ
al-jāmayni		 جَامَيْ
jāmay
Genitive جَامَيْنِ
jāmayni		 الْجَامَيْنِ
al-jāmayni		 جَامَيْ
jāmay
Plural sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal جَامَات‎; جُوم‎; أَجْوَام
jāmāt‎; jūm‎; ʔajwām		 الْجَامَات‎; الْجُوم‎; الْأَجْوَام
al-jāmāt‎; al-jūm‎; al-ʔajwām		 جَامَات‎; جُوم‎; أَجْوَام
jāmāt‎; jūm‎; ʔajwām
Nominative جَامَاتٌ‎; جُومٌ‎; أَجْوَامٌ
jāmātun‎; jūmun‎; ʔajwāmun		 الْجَامَاتُ‎; الْجُومُ‎; الْأَجْوَامُ
al-jāmātu‎; al-jūmu‎; al-ʔajwāmu		 جَامَاتُ‎; جُومُ‎; أَجْوَامُ
jāmātu‎; jūmu‎; ʔajwāmu
Accusative جَامَاتٍ‎; جُومًا‎; أَجْوَامًا
jāmātin‎; jūman‎; ʔajwāman		 الْجَامَاتِ‎; الْجُومَ‎; الْأَجْوَامَ
al-jāmāti‎; al-jūma‎; al-ʔajwāma		 جَامَاتِ‎; جُومَ‎; أَجْوَامَ
jāmāti‎; jūma‎; ʔajwāma
Genitive جَامَاتٍ‎; جُومٍ‎; أَجْوَامٍ
jāmātin‎; jūmin‎; ʔajwāmin		 الْجَامَاتِ‎; الْجُومِ‎; الْأَجْوَامِ
al-jāmāti‎; al-jūmi‎; al-ʔajwāmi		 جَامَاتِ‎; جُومِ‎; أَجْوَامِ
jāmāti‎; jūmi‎; ʔajwāmi

References
  • Gacek, Adam (2008) The Arabic Manuscript Tradition: A Glossary of Technical Terms, →ISBN
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “جام”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Iraqi Arabic

Etymology

From Persian جام (jâm).

Noun

جام (jām) m

  1. glass, pane

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian جام (jâm, “glass, pane”).

Noun

جام • (cam)

  1. glass, an amorphous and often transparent substance
    Synonym: صرچه (sırça)
  2. cup, glass, beaker, stoop, a vessel made of glass
    Synonyms: بارداق (bardak), ساغراق (saġrak) (glass)
  3. piece of glass applied to any particular purpose, as a watchglass, etc.
  4. integrated sheet of glass such as a window-pane, window-sash or window-valve, a bull's-eye of glass in a vault or dome etc.

Adjective

جام • (cam)

  1. of glass, glassy, vitreous
    Synonym: صرچه (sırça)

Derived terms
  • جام گوبكی (cam göbeği, “the knot of glass on a blower's pipe”)
  • جام گوز (cam göz, “hound shark”)
  • جامجی (camcı, “glazier”)
  • جاملتمق (camlatmak, “to make or let be fitted with glass”)
  • جاملق (camlık, “glassiness”)
  • جاملمق (camlamak, “to fit with glass”)
  • جاملنمق (camlanmak, “to become glassy”)
  • جاملو (camlı, “glassy”)

Descendants
  • Turkish: cam
  • → Albanian: xham
  • → Armenian: ճամ (čam), ջամ (ǰam)
  • → Aromanian: agiame, giame
  • → Bulgarian: джам (džam)
  • → Georgian: ჯამი (ǯami)
  • → Greek: τζάμι (tzámi)
  • → Macedonian: џам (džam)
  • → Romanian: geam
  • → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: џа̏м
    Latin script: džȁm

Further reading
  • Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “cam”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 745
  • Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “جام”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 177a
  • Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جام”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 430
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Vitrum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1775
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “جام”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1560
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “cam”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “25. AǦAME sb. f. pl. aǧeń i aǧemurǐ; ǦAME”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 75
  • Redhouse, James W. (1890) “جام”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 636

Pashto

Etymology

From Persian جام (jâm).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /d͡ʒɑm/

Noun

جام • (jâm) m

  1. cup, goblet

Declension
declension of جام
singular plural
direct جام
(jâm)		 جامونه
(jâmuna)
oblique جام
(jâm)		 جامونو
(jâmuno)
vocative جامه
(jâma)		 جامونو
(jâmuno)

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (ǰām, “glass”). Related to Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬨𐬀 (yama, “glass”).[1][2]

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɑːm]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɑːm]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [d͡ʒɔːm]

Readings
Classical reading? jām
Dari reading? jām
Iranian reading? jâm
Tajik reading? jom

Noun
Dari جام
Iranian Persian
Tajik ҷом

جام • (jâm) (plural جام‌ها (jâm-hâ))

  1. cup
  2. glass, pane

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Arabic: جام (jām, “cup, bowl, plate”)
  • → Gulf Arabic: جام (jām), جامة (jāma, “motorvehicle window”)
  • → Iraqi Arabic: جام (jām)
  • → Bengali: জাম (jam)
  • → Gujarati: જામ (jām)
  • → Hindustani:
    → Hindi: जाम (jām)
    → Urdu: جام (jâm)
  • → Pashto: جام (jâm)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: جام (cam)
    • Turkish: cam
    • → Albanian: xham
    • → Armenian: ճամ (čam), ջամ (ǰam)
    • → Aromanian: agiame, giame
    • → Bulgarian: джам (džam)
    • → Georgian: ჯამი (ǯami)
    • → Greek: τζάμι (tzámi)
    • → Macedonian: џам (džam)
    • → Romanian: geam
    • → Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: џа̏м
      Latin script: džȁm

References
  • Hassuri, Ali (1983) “Two Middle Persian Words”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎, volume 133, pages 145–148
  1. The Silk Road Encyclopedia. (n.d.). United States: Seoul Selection.
  2. The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. (1910). United Kingdom: Encyclopaedia Britannica Company, p. 248

Urdu

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian جام (jām).

Noun

جام • (jām) m (Hindi spelling जाम)

  1. goblet; wine cup
  2. (loosely) glass; drinking vessel

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit जम्बु (jambu).

Noun

جام • (jām) m (Hindi spelling जाम)

  1. rose apple
  2. guava
  3. night watch (for a period of three hours)
  4. son
Declension
Declension of جام
singular plural
direct جام (jām) جام (jām)
oblique جام (jām) جاموں (jāmō̃)
vocative جام (jām) جامو (jāmō)

References
  • “جام”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “جام”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Pashto جام (jām).

Noun

جام (jām)

  1. stirrup
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.