שעה

Hebrew
Root
שׁ־ע־ה (š-ʿ-h)

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Aramaic שעתא (šāʿəṯā). Cognate with Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa).

Noun

שָׁעָה • (sha'á) f (dual indefinite שעתיים / שְׁעָתַיִם, plural indefinite שָׁעוֹת, singular construct שְׁעַת־, plural construct שְׁעוֹת־)

  1. hour: a period of time, defined variously (depending on time period, and on religious versus secular purposes), but currently usually sixty minutes.
    מָה הַשָּׁעָה? ― ma hasha'á? ― What time is it? (literally, “what is the hour?”)
  2. (by extension) time
    • a. 217 C.E., Mishnah, Avot 2:3:
      הֱווּ זְהִירִין בָּרָשׁוּת, שֶׁאֵין מְקָרְבִין לוֹ לְאָדָם אֶלָּא לְצֹרֶךְ עַצְמָן; נִרְאִין כְּאוֹהֲבִין בִּשְׁעַת הֲנָאָתָן, וְאֵין עוֹמְדִין לוֹ לָאָדָם בִּשְׁעַת דָּחֳקוֹ.
      hevú z'hirín barashút, she'ein m'kar'vín ló l'adám 'elá l'tsórekh 'atsmán; nir'ín k'ohavín bish'át hana'atán, v'ein 'om'dín ló la'adám bish'át dokhokó.
      Beware of government, for they befriend a man only for their own benefit; they act friendly when it benefits them, but they do not stand by a man in his time of need.
Derived terms
  • השעות הקטנות (hasha'ót hak'tanót)
  • שָׁעוֹן (sha'ón)
See also
Further reading

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

שָׁעָה • (sha'á) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction)

  1. (Biblical Hebrew or literary) To look, gaze at or about.
    • Tanach, 2 Samuel 22:42, with translation of the English Standard Version:
      יִשְׁעוּ וְאֵין מֹשִׁיעַ אֶל־יְהוָה וְלֹא עָנָֽם׃
      They looked, but there was none to save; they cried to the LORD, but he did not answer them.
  2. (Biblical Hebrew) To have respect.
    • Tanach, Genesis 4:5, with translation of the King James Version:
      וְאֶל־קַיִן וְאֶל־מִנְחָתֹו לֹא שָׁעָה […]
      But unto Cain and to his offering He had not respect […]
Conjugation
Conjugation of שָׁעָה (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
  • to-infinitive: לִשְׁעוֹת
  • action noun: —
  • passive participle: —
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first שָׁעִיתִישָׁעִינוּ
second שָׁעִיתָשָׁעִיתשְׁעִיתֶם1שְׁעִיתֶן1
third שָׁעָהשָׁעֲתָהשָׁעוּ
present שׁוֹעֶהשׁוֹעָהשׁוֹעִיםשׁוֹעוֹת
future first אֶשְׁעֶהנִשְׁעֶה
second תִּשְׁעֶהתִּשְׁעִיתִּשְׁעוּתִּשְׁעֶינָה2
third יִשְׁעֶהתִּשְׁעֶהיִשְׁעוּתִּשְׁעֶינָה2
imperative שְׁעֵהשְׁעִישְׁעוּשְׁעֶינָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced שָׁעִיתֶם and שָׁעִיתֶן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Anagrams

Yiddish

Alternative forms
  • שאָ (sho) — Soviet phonetic spelling

Etymology

From Hebrew שָׁעָה.

Pronunciation
  • (YIVO) IPA(key): /ʃɔ/
  • (Poylish) IPA(key): /ʃʊ/, [ʃu]

Noun

שעה • (sho) f, plural שעהן (shoen)

  1. hour

Derived terms
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