трая
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trajati.
Pronunciation
- тра́я: IPA(key): [ˈtrajɐ] (lemma, aorist)
- трая́: IPA(key): [trɐˈja̟] (aorist only)
Verb
тра́я • (trája) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (intransitive) to continue in time, to last (of time, duration)
- нещо трае дадено време ― nešto trae dadeno vreme ― something lasts certain time
- (transitive) to put up with, to endure, to bear
- Synonyms: търпя́ (tǎrpjá), пона́сям (ponásjam)
- (reflexive with си) to keep mum, to be silent
- Трай си! ― Traj si! ― Don't reveal [anything]! / Keep it dark!
Conjugation
Conjugation of тра́я (conjugation 1.6, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | тра́ещ tráešt |
тра́ял, трая́л1 trájal, trajál1 |
тра́ел tráel |
тра́ян trájan |
тра́ейки tráejki | |
| definite subject form | тра́ещият tráeštijat |
тра́ялият, трая́лият1 trájalijat, trajálijat1 |
— | тра́яният trájanijat | |||
| definite object form | тра́ещия tráeštija |
тра́ялия, трая́лия1 trájalija, trajálija1 |
— | тра́яния trájanija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | тра́еща tráešta |
тра́яла, трая́ла1 trájala, trajála1 |
тра́ела tráela |
тра́яна trájana | ||
| definite | тра́ещата tráeštata |
тра́ялата, трая́лата1 trájalata, trajálata1 |
— | тра́яната trájanata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | тра́ещо tráešto |
тра́яло, трая́ло1 trájalo, trajálo1 |
тра́ело tráelo |
тра́яно trájano |
тра́ене tráene | |
| definite | тра́ещото tráeštoto |
тра́ялото, трая́лото1 trájaloto, trajáloto1 |
— | тра́яното trájanoto |
тра́енето tráeneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | тра́ещи tráešti |
тра́яли, трая́ли1 trájali, trajáli1 |
тра́ели tráeli |
тра́яни trájani |
тра́ения, тра́енета tráenija, tráeneta | |
| definite | тра́ещите tráeštite |
тра́ялите, трая́лите1 trájalite, trajálite1 |
— | тра́яните trájanite |
тра́енията, тра́енетата tráenijata, tráenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | тра́я trája |
тра́еш tráeš |
тра́е tráe |
тра́ем tráem |
тра́ете tráete |
тра́ят trájat | |
| imperfect | тра́ех tráeh |
тра́еше tráeše |
тра́еше tráeše |
тра́ехме tráehme |
тра́ехте tráehte |
тра́еха tráeha | |
| aorist | тра́ях, трая́х1 trájah, trajáh1 |
тра́я, трая́1 trája, trajá1 |
тра́я, трая́1 trája, trajá1 |
тра́яхме, трая́хме1 trájahme, trajáhme1 |
тра́яхте, трая́хте1 trájahte, trajáhte1 |
тра́яха, трая́ха1 trájaha, trajáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and тра́ел m, тра́ела f, тра́ело n, or тра́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and тра́ел m, тра́ела f, тра́ело n, or тра́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тра́ел m, тра́ела f, тра́ело n, or тра́ели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and тра́ял/трая́л1 m, тра́яла/трая́ла1 f, тра́яло/трая́ло1 n, or тра́яли/трая́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| трай traj |
тра́йте trájte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
- затрая pf (zatraja), затрайвам impf (zatrajvam)
- изтрая pf (iztraja), изтрайвам impf (iztrajvam)
- потрая pf (potraja), потрайвам impf (potrajvam)
- времетра́ене (vremetráene, “duration”)
- тра́ен (tráen, “durable”)
- тра́йност (trájnost, “durability”)
Verb
тра́я or трая́ • (trája or trajá)
References
- “трая”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “трая”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “тра́ѭ, -ешь; траꙗ́лъ (тра́йвамь)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 352
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