спя
See also: спа
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Church Slavonic съпати (sŭpati), from Proto-Slavic *sъpati, from Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [spʲɤ̟]
Verb
спя • (spja) first-singular present indicative, impf
Conjugation
Conjugation of спя (irregular, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | спящ spjašt |
спал spal |
спял spjal |
— | спе́йки spéjki | |
| definite subject form | спя́щият spjáštijat |
спа́лият spálijat |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | спя́щия spjáštija |
спа́лия spálija |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | спя́ща spjášta |
спа́ла spála |
спя́ла spjála |
— | ||
| definite | спя́щата spjáštata |
спа́лата spálata |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | спя́що spjášto |
спа́ло spálo |
спя́ло spjálo |
— | спане́ spané | |
| definite | спя́щото spjáštoto |
спа́лото spáloto |
— | — | спане́то spanéto | ||
| plural | indefinite | спя́щи spjášti |
спа́ли spáli |
спе́ли spéli |
— | спа́ния, спане́та spánija, spanéta | |
| definite | спя́щите spjáštite |
спа́лите spálite |
— | — | спа́нията, спане́тата spánijata, spanétata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | спя spja |
спиш spiš |
спи spi |
спим spim |
спи́те spíte |
спят spjat | |
| imperfect | спях spjah |
спе́ше spéše |
спе́ше spéše |
спя́хме spjáhme |
спя́хте spjáhte |
спя́ха spjáha | |
| aorist | спах spah |
спа spa |
спа spa |
спа́хме spáhme |
спа́хте spáhte |
спа́ха spáha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and спял m, спя́ла f, спя́ло n, or спе́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and спял m, спя́ла f, спя́ло n, or спе́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and спял m, спя́ла f, спя́ло n, or спе́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| спи spi |
спе́те spéte |
||||||
Derived terms
- доспя́ impf (dospjá), доспива́м pf (dospivám)
- заспя́ impf (zaspjá), заспива́м pf (zaspivám, “to get asleep”)
- наспя́ се impf (naspjá se), наспива́м се pf (naspivám se, “to get enough sleep”)
- оспя́ се impf (ospjá se), оспива́м се pf (ospivám se)
- отспя́ си impf (otspjá si), отспива́м си pf (otspivám si, “to get, to gather quality sleep”)
- поспя́ impf (pospjá), поспива́м pf (pospivám)
- по́спав (póspav, “day dream, nap”)
- поспали́в (pospalív, “sleepy”)
- по́спав (póspav, “day dream, nap”)
- преспя́ impf (prespjá), преспива́м pf (prespivám, “to sleep with, through”)
- приспя́ impf (prispjá), приспива́м pf (prispivám, “to make asleep”)
- приспи́вен (prispíven, “lullabous”)
- приспива́телен (prispivátelen, “somnolent”)
- приспива́телно (prispivátelno, “opiate”)
- приспива́ч (prispiváč, “one who makes asleep”)
- проспя́ impf (prospjá), проспива́м pf (prospivám, “to sleep through, to pass by sleeping”)
- успя́ се impf (uspjá se), успива́м се pf (uspivám se, “to oversleep”)
- спи́нкам (spínkam, “to sleep like a baby”)
- спа́лня (spálnja, “bedroom”)
- поспала́н (pospalán, “sleepyhead, one who loves sleeping”)
- поспала́нко (pospalánko) (diminutive)
Related terms
- сън (sǎn, “dream”)
References
- “спя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “спя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- съпати in Исторически речник на българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
- Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “спя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 407
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [spʲa]
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