πέπων

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pékʷonts (“cooking, ripening”); related to πέσσω (péssō, “to soften, ripen”).

Pronunciation
 

Adjective

πέπων • (pépōn) m or f (neuter πέπον); third declension

  1. ripe, softened (of fruit)
  2. (figurative) good, sweet, kind (when addressing a person)
  3. (figurative, derogatory) weak, cowardly

Usage notes

The two figurative senses are the only ones found in Homer.

Declension
Third declension of πέπων; πέπον (Attic)
Number Singular Dual Plural
Case/Gender Masculine / Feminine Neuter Masculine / Feminine Neuter Masculine / Feminine Neuter
Nominative πέπων
pépōn		 πέπον
pépon		 πέπονε
pépone		 πέπονε
pépone		 πέπονες
pépones		 πέπονᾰ
pépona
Genitive πέπονος
péponos		 πέπονος
péponos		 πεπόνοιν
pepónoin		 πεπόνοιν
pepónoin		 πεπόνων
pepónōn		 πεπόνων
pepónōn
Dative πέπονῐ
péponi		 πέπονῐ
péponi		 πεπόνοιν
pepónoin		 πεπόνοιν
pepónoin		 πέποσῐ / πέποσῐν
péposi(n)		 πέποσῐ / πέποσῐν
péposi(n)
Accusative πέπονᾰ
pépona		 πέπον
pépon		 πέπονε
pépone		 πέπονε
pépone		 πέπονᾰς
péponas		 πέπονᾰ
pépona
Vocative πέπον
pépon		 πέπον
pépon		 πέπονε
pépone		 πέπονε
pépone		 πέπονες
pépones		 πέπονᾰ
pépona
Derived forms Adverb Comparative Superlative
πεπόνως
pepónōs		 πεπονέστερος
peponésteros		 πεπονέστᾰτος
peponéstatos
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • μηλοπέπων (mēlopépōn)
  • πεπόνιον n (pepónion) (Late Hellenistic diminutive)
  • σίκυος πέπων (síkuos pépōn, “a kind of gourd or melon eaten when ripe”)

Descendants
  • → Albanian: pjep, pjepër
  • → Latin: pepō, peponem (see there for further descendants)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: pipun

Further reading
  • “πέπων”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • πέπων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “πέπων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.

Greek

Noun

πέπων • (pépon) m (plural πέπονες)

  1. Katharevousa form of πεπόνι (pepóni, “melon”)

Synonyms
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