λύγος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend, twist”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *luką (“lock”), Sanskrit रुग्ण (rugṇá, “bent, broken”), Latin luctor (“I wrestle”) and Latin luxus (“dislocated”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /lý.ɡos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈly.ɡos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈly.ɣos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈly.ɣos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈli.ɣos/
Noun
λύγος • (lúgos) f (genitive λύγου); second declension
- chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus)
- Synonym: ἄγνος (ágnos)
- flexible twig, withe
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ λῠ́γος hē lúgos |
τὼ λῠ́γω tṑ lúgō |
αἱ λῠ́γοι hai lúgoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς λῠ́γου tês lúgou |
τοῖν λῠ́γοιν toîn lúgoin |
τῶν λῠ́γων tôn lúgōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ λῠ́γῳ têi lúgōi |
τοῖν λῠ́γοιν toîn lúgoin |
ταῖς λῠ́γοις taîs lúgois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν λῠ́γον tḕn lúgon |
τὼ λῠ́γω tṑ lúgō |
τᾱ̀ς λῠ́γους tā̀s lúgous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | λῠ́γε lúge |
λῠ́γω lúgō |
λῠ́γοι lúgoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- λυγέα (lugéa)
- λύγινος (lúginos)
- λύγιον (lúgion)
- λυγόω (lugóō)
- λυγώδης (lugṓdēs)
Descendants
- → Latin: lygos
Further reading
- “λύγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- λύγος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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