λίπος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *lípos, from i-Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“fat substance”).

Stem λῐπ- (lip-), λῐπο- (lipo-), λῐπᾰρ- (lipar-, “fat”). Different from λῐπ- (lip-, “wanting”) of the aorist ἔλῐπον (élipon) of the verb λείπω (leípō, “leave; lack”). Different from λῑπᾰρ- (līpar-) from λίπτω (líptō, “desire”).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

λίπος • (lípos) n (genitive λίπους); third declension

  1. animal fat, lard, tallow

Inflection
Third declension of τὸ λῐ́πος; τοῦ λῐ́πους (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ λῐ́πος
tò lípos		 τὼ λῐ́πει
tṑ lípei		 τᾰ̀ λῐ́πη
tà lípē
Genitive τοῦ λῐ́πους
toû lípous		 τοῖν λῐποῖν
toîn lipoîn		 τῶν λῐπῶν
tôn lipôn
Dative τῷ λῐ́πει
tôi lípei		 τοῖν λῐποῖν
toîn lipoîn		 τοῖς λῐ́πεσῐ / λῐ́πεσῐν
toîs lípesi(n)
Accusative τὸ λῐ́πος
tò lípos		 τὼ λῐ́πει
tṑ lípei		 τᾰ̀ λῐ́πη
tà lípē
Vocative λῐ́πος
lípos		 λῐ́πει
lípei		 λῐ́πη
lípē
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Stem λῐπ- or λῐπᾰρ- (sense: fat).

Related terms
  • ᾰ̓κρολῐ́πᾰρος (akrolíparos, “fat on the surface”)
  • ἀλῐ́παντος (alípantos, “without grease”)
  • ἀλῐπαρής (aliparḗs, “not fit for a suppliant”)
  • ἀλῐπής (alipḗs, “without fat meagre”) (for sense: fat)
  • ᾰ̓πολῐπαίνω (apolipaínō, “I oil”)
  • ᾰ̓ρχολῐ́πᾰρος (arkholíparos, “grasping at office”)
  • ἐκλῐπαίνομαι (eklipaínomai, “be enriched, fertilized”)
  • ἐκλῐπαίνω (eklipaínō, “make smooth as oil”)
  • ἔλλῐπος (éllipos, “greasy”)
  • ἐπῐλῐπαίνω (epilipaínō, “make fat or sleek”)
  • ἐπῐλῐπής (epilipḗs, “fatty”) (for sense: fat)
  • εὐλῐπής (eulipḗs, “very fat”)
  • κᾰτᾰλῐπαίνω (katalipaínō, “make very fat”)
  • κᾰτᾰλῐ́πᾰρος (katalíparos, “very greasy”)
  • λῐπο-, λῐπό-, λῐπ-
  • λῐ́πᾰ (lípa, “richly with oil”, adverb)
  • λῐπαίνω (lipaínō, “oil, anoint; glisten”)
  • λῐ́πανσῐς f (lípansis, “anointing”)
  • λῐπαντέον (lipantéon, “one must anoint”)
  • λῐπαντικός (lipantikós, “of anointing”)
  • λῐπᾰράμπυξ (liparámpux, “with bright fillet or headband”)
  • λῐπᾰραυγής (liparaugḗs, “bright-beaming”)
  • λῐπᾰρῐ́ᾱ (liparíā) (for sense: fat)
  • λῐπᾰρόζωνος (liparózōnos, “bright-girdled”)
  • λῐπᾰρόθρονος (liparóthronos, “bright-throned”)
  • λῐπᾰρόμμᾰτος (liparómmatos, “lustrous-eyed”)
  • λῐπᾰροπλόκᾰμος (liparoplókamos, “with glossy locks”)
  • λῐπᾰροποιέω (liparopoiéō, “κᾰτᾰλῐπαίνω, make very fat”)
  • λῐπᾰρός (liparós, “oily, shiny, brilliamt; fatty, greasy”)
  • λῐπᾰρότης f (liparótēs, “fattiness; brilliancy”)
  • λῐπᾰρότροφος (liparótrophos, “richly fed”)
  • λῐπᾰρόχροος (liparókhroos, “with shining sleek skin”), λῐπᾰρόχρως
  • λῐπᾰρώψ (liparṓps, “bright-looking”)
  • λῐ́πας n (lípas, “λίπος, fat”)
  • λῐ́πασμα n (lípasma, “greasy, fattening substance”)
  • λῐπασμός m (lipasmós, “anointing”)
  • λῐπάω (lipáō, “to be sleek, radiant; anoint”)
  • λῐπέλαιον n (lipélaion, “pinguis olivi, olives rich in oil”)
  • λῐπότης f (lipótēs, “fatness”)
  • λῐπώδης (lipṓdēs, “fatty, oily”)
  • ναρδολῐπής (nardolipḗs, “anointed with nard-oil,”)
  • ὀξῠλῐ́πᾰρος (oxulíparos, “vinegar and oil”)
  • ὀξῠλῐπὴς (oxulipḕs, “dressed with vinegar and fat”)
  • περῐλῐ́πᾰρος (perilíparos, “very moist and shiny”)
  • προλῐπαίνω (prolipaínō, “anoint beforehand”)
  • προσεπῐλῐπαίνω (prosepilipaínō, “enrich yet more”)
  • προσλῐπαίνω (proslipaínō, “enrich further”)
  • σῠλλῐπαίνομαι (sullipaínomai, “be melted together”)
  • ῠ̔πολῐπαίνω (hupolipaínō, “anoint a little”)
  • ῠ̔πολίπᾰρος (hupolíparos, “rather fat”)

Descendants
  • Greek: λίπος (lípos)

Further reading
  • “λίπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “λίπος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • λίπος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
    • fat idem, page 309.
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λίπος. For sense substance with fat, Semantic loan from French graisse or English fat. See stem λιπ- for sense: “fat”. Different from λιπ- for sense: “wanting” (as in ελλιπής).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈli.pos/
  • Hyphenation: λί‧πος

Noun

λίπος • (lípos) n (plural λίπη)

  1. fat, tallow

Declension
declension of λίπος
case     \     number singular plural
nominative λίπος • λίπη •
genitive λίπους • λιπών •
accusative λίπος • λίπη •
vocative λίπος • λίπη •

Derived terms
  • ακόρεστα λίπη n pl (akóresta lípi, “unsaturated fat”)
  • ζωικά λίπη n pl (zoïká lípi, “animal fat”)
  • κεκορσεμένα λίπη n pl (kekorseména lípi, “saturated fat”)
  • μαγειρικά λίπη n pl (mageiriká lípi, “cooking fat”)
  • φυτικά λίπη n pl (fytiká lípi, “vegetable fat”)
  • λιπώδης ιστός m (lipódis istós, “adipose tissue”)
  • ινολίπωμα n (inolípoma, “adipose neoplasm”)
  • λιπαίνω (lipaíno, “lubricate”)
  • λιπαρό οξύ n (liparó oxý, “fatty acid”)
  • λιπαρός (liparós, “oily, fatty”)
  • λιπαρότητα f (liparótita, “fattiness, adipocity”)
  • λίπασμα n (lípasma, “fertilizer”)
  • λιπίδιο n (lipídio, “lipid”)
  • λιπώδης (lipódis, “adipose, fatty”)
  • λίπωμα n (lípoma, “lipoma”)
  • συλλίπασμα n (syllípasma, “flux”)
  • and see: λιπαίνω (lipaíno, “to lubricate”)

Further reading
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